Apache Struts 2 Improper Input Validation Vulnerability

Exploited · KEV 2022-01-21Metasploit moduleCVE-2012-0391CWE-20

Exploited since 2022-01-21. No WAF vendor names it yet.

Edge rules

0/8

Our test

No exploit yet

CVSS

9.8

EPSS

75.6% Top 0.5%

Posts, 14d

Published

2012-01-08

The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary… More

Edge coverage

Claimed by vendors

CloudflareBefore feed historyOlder than its feed AWSBefore feed historyOlder than its feed Microsoft AzureNo public claimNot named Google CloudBefore feed historyOlder than its feed FastlyBefore feed historyOlder than its feed F5Before feed historyOlder than its feed AkamaiNo public sourceNo public changelog OWASP CRSBefore feed historyOlder than its feed

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Ask about CVE-2012-0391: who's covered, what to patch first, how vendors compare. I cite sources and won't help with attacks.

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Severity, decoded

CVSS 3.1

9.8Critical

Critical · 9.8 / 10

Exploitable over the network, with no privileges and no user interaction, leading to full loss of confidentiality, integrity and availability.

Over the internetNo login neededNo user actionWorks reliablyFull compromise

How the score is built8 metrics

Attack vectorAn attacker can reach it over the internet; no access to your network needed.
Network
Attack complexityNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
Low
Privileges requiredNo account or login is needed.
None
User interactionNo one has to click or open anything; the attack works on its own.
None
ScopeThe damage stays within the vulnerable component.
Unchanged
Confidentiality impactAn attacker can read all data the affected component holds, or the most sensitive parts of it.
High
Integrity impactAn attacker can change any data or files the affected component protects.
High
Availability impactAn attacker can take the component down completely or keep it from serving anyone.
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CISA's assessmentSSVC, from the CVE record

ExploitationActive

Attackers are exploiting this in the wild.

AutomatableYes

Attackers can script the attack end to end and hit many targets at once.

Technical impactTotal

A successful attack gives full control over the affected software or all of its data.

Public exploits

3 found

1 Metasploit2 Exploit-DB0 Scanner template0 GitHub PoCs

MetasploitApache Struts Remote Command Execution2012-01-06 · exploit · rank Excellent
Exploit-DBApache Struts 2.2.1.1 - Remote Command Execution (Metasploit)2012-06-05 · remote · multiple · verified
Exploit-DBApache Struts 2 < 2.3.1 - Multiple Vulnerabilities2012-01-06 · webapps · multiple · verified

Links are to third-party code: never run it outside an isolated lab.

Timeline

2012-01-06
Metasploit module published
Apache Struts Remote Command Execution
2012-01-06
Exploit published on Exploit-DB
Apache Struts 2 < 2.3.1 - Multiple Vulnerabilities
2012-01-08
CVE published
CVE List
2022-01-21
Added to CISA KEV
Confirmed exploitation in the wild