# CVE-2025-54381: BentoML is Vulnerable to an SSRF Attack Through File Upload Processing

- Exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Published: 2025-07-29
- CVSS: 9.9 CRITICAL (v3.1)
- EPSS: 13.2% (96th percentile)
- CWE: CWE-918

BentoML is a Python library for building online serving systems optimized for AI apps and model inference. In versions 1.4.0 until 1.4.19, the file upload processing system contains an SSRF vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests. The vulnerability stems from the multipart form data and JSON request handlers, which automatically download files from user-provided URLs without validating whether those URLs point to internal network addresses, cloud metadata endpoints, or other restricted resources. The documentation explicitly promotes this URL-based file upload feature, making it an intended design that exposes all deployed services to SSRF attacks by default. Version 1.4.19 contains a patch for the issue.

## Edge WAF coverage (claimed by vendors, not measured)

| Vendor | Status | First rule | Days after publication |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cloudflare | Rule off by default | 2025-08-18 | 20 |
| AWS | No public claim | — | — |
| Microsoft Azure | No public claim | — | — |
| Google Cloud | No public claim | — | — |
| Fastly | Before feed history | — | — |
| F5 | No public claim | — | — |
| Akamai | No public source | — | — |
| OWASP CRS | No public claim | — | — |

### Cloudflare

- 2025-08-18 · new · rule a0b20ec638d14800a1d6827cb83d2625 · default Disabled
  > BentoML - SSRF - CVE:CVE-2025-54381. Previous action: Log. New action: Disabled. This is a New Detection
  Source: https://developers.cloudflare.com/changelog/post/2025-08-18-waf-release/
- 2025-08-18 · new · rule 40fd793035c947c5ac75add1739180d2 · default Disabled
  > BentoML - SSRF - CVE:CVE-2025-54381 - 2. Previous action: Log. New action: Disabled. This is a New Detection
  Source: https://developers.cloudflare.com/changelog/post/2025-08-18-waf-release/
- 2025-08-18 · new · rule 08dcb20b9acf47e3880a0b886ab910c2 · default Disabled
  > BentoML - SSRF - CVE:CVE-2025-54381 - 3. Previous action: Log. New action: Disabled. This is a New Detection
  Source: https://developers.cloudflare.com/changelog/post/2025-08-18-waf-release/

"No public claim" means no vendor statement names this CVE; "Before feed history" means the CVE is older than the vendor feed. In both cases generic rules may still block it.

HTML: https://cve.vigilbase.com/cve/CVE-2025-54381 · JSON: https://cve.vigilbase.com/api/v1/cves/CVE-2025-54381